When we generate an image of a scene in Blender we do using a “camera” located at our virtual space.
The parameters that can be adjusted with this virtual camera to modify its position, orientation and optical characteristics of a conventional camera classic, as the depth of field, associated optics, etc..
When selecting a camera, we will have access to their configuration settings from the menu “Object Data” associated:
To activate this menu, We will obtain different tabs with the parameters of the camera. The first affects the type of lens that you want to emulate:
To change the settings the image will substantially change the way lines, bending the straight lines by the lens effect. So, We can see the effect in the same scene of the three basic models that can be set: Perspective, Ortographics and Panoramic.
Perspective: It allows you to modify the focal length in two formats of units: degrees or mm.
Ortographics: Allows you to adjust the scale of representation, What resize without distorting the lines.
Panoramic: Simulate lens type “FishEye” such as those found in the peepholes from the doors. It allows you to choose between different types that modify the lens and the angular field of view.
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